car model

A car model is a scale model made in strict accordance with the shape, structure, color, and even interior parts of the real car. According to incomplete statistics, in the past 90 years, car factories around the world have launched tens of thousands of models of car models, breaking the monopoly of European and American production and collection of car models, and gradually developed into a kind of car model that is popular all over the world. Collection and investment projects.

Chinese name Car model Birth in 1914 Explanation A scale model that is scaled down according to the real car Essence Collection, gifts and investment projects Usually the ratio 1: 12, 1: 18, 1: 24, etc. Functions Gifts, the first choice for decorating the room

History development

The first batch of car models in the world was born in 1914. At that time, when the Ford Motor Factory in the United States sold the newly produced Model T cars, it also presented car buyers with a small model of the Model T car. Cars compete. However, it was unexpected that the willows and willows formed a shade unintentionally. Once the gift car model that was used for gifting came out, it was quickly favored by car lovers. Automobile manufacturers followed suit, launching new models alongside new cars. In 1925, the Buick brand mini car model appeared, and then European countries such as the United Kingdom and France also appeared in various brands of car models.

To know a car model, you must first know that the car model is not a toy. It is a strict scale of a real car. It has intellectual property rights and collection certificates, and some are also issued in limited quantities. Usually, the ratio is 1:12, 1:18, 1:24, 1:43, 1:64, 1:72, 1:87, etc. The purpose of the model car is to decorate the room, to feed and collect, and it is also the advertisement and gift of the car manufacturer. The car model is also the first choice for gifting and decorating the room. [1]

Type of model

clay model

Clay material is widely sourced, convenient and low price. After the process of "washing mud" and "cooking", its texture is more delicate. Clay has certain adhesiveness and strong plasticity. It can be repeatedly modified and adjusted, repaired, scraped and filled in the shaping process. It is more convenient to make up. It can also be used repeatedly. It is an ideal modeling material, but if the water in the clay loses too much, it is easy to cause the clay model to shrink, crack or even break, which is not conducive to long-term preservation. In addition, on the surface of the clay model There are not many methods for effect processing. When making models from clay, it is necessary to use clay with low sand content. It must be repeatedly processed before use, and the mud is cooked and used.

clay model

Sludge is a man-made material. Very soft, soft and hard after solidification. Clay has strong plasticity, and its viscosity and toughness are stronger than that of yellow mud (clay model). It is easy to use during molding, can be freely sculpted and trimmed during the molding process, is not easy to dry and crack after molding, and can be used repeatedly. Clay is expensive and easy to carry. It is more suitable to make some small, special-shaped and curved shapes. Generally, it is very convenient to use sludge for modeling of cars and boats. Therefore, it is a wise choice to use brown sludge as the outermost layer of sludge. The main components of the sludge are 62% talc, 30% vaseline, and 8% industrial wax.

plaster model

Gypsum is economical in price, easy to use and process, and is used in ceramics, plastics, model making, etc. The texture of gypsum is fine, it is easy to repair the surface decoration after molding, and it is easy to store for a long time. It is suitable for making models with various requirements and is convenient for display.

plastic model

Plastic is a new material commonly used to make models. There are many kinds of plastics, and there are more than 50 main varieties. The most used plastics for making models are thermoplastics, mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, and ABS engineering plastics.

materials, plexiglass sheets, foam plastic sheets, etc. Polyvinyl chloride has low heat resistance and can be formed by various molding methods such as compression molding, blow molding, and die casting. ABS engineering plastics have a low melting point, and can be easily softened by heating with an electric oven, electric furnace, etc., and can be hot-pressed and connected to a variety of complex shapes. Plexiglass has the characteristics of good light resistance, light weight, high strength, bright color, convenient processing, etc. It is easy to store after molding.

wooden model

The wood we use is generally raw wood and artificial boards after secondary processing. Man-made panels often include plywood, particleboard, blockboard, medium density fiberboard, etc. The model making of furniture is usually made of wood.

metal model

Steel materials are the most widely used, such as steel, pipes, plates of various specifications, and sometimes other metal materials such as aluminum alloys are also used in a small amount. The production of metal model materials mainly considers factors such as mechanical properties and cost. The mechanical properties are mainly considered from the strength, elasticity, hardness, stiffness and the ability to resist impact and stretch of the metal material. Metal model processing technology mainly includes cutting, welding, casting, forging and so on. Due to the limited processing conditions in the laboratory, there are few metal model process options. It should be noted that the metal models that people say are all 3# zinc alloys, which are also the materials used for the casings of most car models. Aluminum alloys have poor fluidity, so they are rarely used.

Comprehensive model

The material used for model making is sometimes not only one material, but also two or two. The above materials are made by comprehensive processing, but still use one material as the main material, and the others are only used locally. The model produced in this way has a good overall sense and is also convenient for later decoration. For example, a telephone engraved in plaster, some transparent plexiglass should be used for the upper display window, and some pictures can be clipped on the reverse side to achieve a realistic effect. The buttons are cut out of the same size and thickness, and the production effect is very good. There are also some other materials, such as fiberglass, foam, etc. [2]

Appearance characteristics

1. The simulated car model must have the original model it represents. The original model is scaled down according to a certain standard. The common ratios are 1/12, 1/18, 1/24, 1/43 and 1/87, etc. The accuracy of the original car proportion is one of the important criteria to measure the manufacturing level of a car model. The size design of toy cars can be large or small, very random.

2. In order to faithfully reproduce the real car, the model maker does not make any changes to the appearance of the prototype car.

The slightest modification and exaggeration will not imagine a car out of thin air. Many toy cars may also be imitations of a real car, but manufacturers often make random modifications according to customer preferences and the technical level of production, which is very arbitrary. Toy designers can also use their imaginations to create cars that don't exist in reality, but such imaginations are "not allowed" for models. In addition to the overall appearance, the car model should also be highly simulated in detail. Often the entire car model will be composed of hundreds or even more parts, each of which is a reduction of the corresponding parts of the original model. The finer it is, the higher the craftsmanship of this model is. The detail expression of the toy car is far from the level of the car model, and many details are ignored or made together with the same material.

3. The car model is made of high-grade metal, plastic or resin materials, and the processing technology requirements are relatively high, and the painting requirements almost reach the level of real cars.

Models with all doors and front and rear lids openable

Models with all doors and front and rear lids openable

4. If a car model manufacturer wants to make a model of a certain model, it must be authorized by the original factory, otherwise it will infringe intellectual property rights, and the car model manufacturer may have to pay a certain fee for this. In order to manufacture high-precision models, manufacturers also need to obtain technical support from the original factory to provide accurate data. These are not needed by toy designers.